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This article is about structural software testing and its criteria.
In general, testing is a process of executing a system or program with aim to detect as many defects / errors as possible.
Structural (module) testing is a white test design technique.
Advantage: this testing is famous for finding algorithm and coding errors.
Structural tests are run based on the following:
- Control flow analysis (control graph of the program (CGP)
- Flow of data (information graph)
Structural Testing Criteria:
C0 – test condition for commands; consists in using each operator command at least once. This is a very weak criterion that is used rarely.
C1 – test condition for the branches. It requires executing each branch in the program at least once. It is used frequently, but cannot guarantee the detection of all errors in the program. Example – if (cond2 || func1 ()) stat1; else stat2; – Here func () cannot be performed when the covering all the branches.
C2 – a criterion to cover all paths within the CGP.
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Control Flow Testing
Apart from abovementioned criteria there are a criterion known as complete condition coverage criterion (that covers Boolean conditions) and condition / decision coverage criterion that combines C1 and condition coverage criterion.
Another option is each function should be invoked at least once (method-invocation call-pair coverage).
Data Flow-Based Testing
It is meant to find references to uninitialized variables, redundant assignments (data flow anomalies).
Strategies:
1) Covering edges of information graph – testing of all the relationships: links (their use), the definition of a variable – goal of a reference link. However, this does not guarantee coverage of the decisions.
2) The required pairs strategy, for example, the CP criterion covers all the edge pairs within CGP (v, w) such that v is reachable from w.
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